|
Customer testimonials
- Videos Testimonials
RPM™ Technical Data and Research References
RPM™ by Applied Nutriceuticals™ is so unique it’s literally in a class by itself. RPM is the world’s first Anabolic-Cognitive Energy System Enhancer (A-CESE), where anabolics meet cognitive psy-stimulants!
RPM requires a new and different product categorization because it contains testosterone-like, anti-catabolic, and aromatase-inhibiting properties, while at the same time delivering optimal mind/muscle connection/contraction through unique peripheral vasostimulatory effects and increased cognitive psycho-motor control. No other product on the market today can make this claim. RPM combines P-SARM Synthase AI - a unique blend of research-grade icariin, arginine, naringenin, and oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs), and Methyl-AMP Complex, a powerful blend of methyl-xanthine caffeine and chocamine.
Like all of our products, Applied Nutriceuticals uses only the highest quality ingredients in scientifically-proven doses in RPM as to achieve maximum results. It is classified as a Phytochemical Selective Androgen Reuptake Modulator (P-SARM), which means that it is a phytochemical (plant-derived) compound that mimics the positive effects of pharmaceutical compounds called SARMs. SARMs (Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators) are a future class of drugs that hold great promise to effectively replace traditional anabolic preparations due to their overall effectiveness and absence of negative side-effects that commonly go hand-in hand with anabolic / androgenic steroids. Like their pharmaceutical cousins, P-SARMs exert none of the negative effects on blood lipids (LDLs) or blood pressure associated with many androgens while having pronounced positive effects on muscle mass, strength, bone growth, drive, and sexual function. The efficient oral bioavailability and flexible biochemical structure of P-SARMs provide an excellent alternative to black-market enhancement products - with no downside!
ICARIIN
Icariin is one of the key constituents in the P-SARM Synthase AI component of RPM. Several studies have shown that icariin competes with glucocorticoids for receptor sites in a manner similar to testosterone and improves the testosterone / cortisol ratio. This is caused by several different mechanisms of action; the aforementioned competition with glucocorticoids, via increased testosterone production which is accomplished through increased cAMP (cyclic AMP, a second messenger important in hormone signaling) levels, increased luteininzing hormone (LH) levels, the mimicry of testosterone in spermatogenesis, and decreased prolactin levels. It has been shown that icariin blocks glucocorticoids from binding to cortisol receptors, hence blocking the actions of cortisol. This alone creates an anabolic effect by positively skewing the testosterone / cortisol ratio, which is a trigger for greater protein synthesis, increased aggression, and intensified muscle contractions.
Users of RPM report huge improvements in strength, physique hardness, and positive aggression while using this compound, an effect that can be at least partially attributed to the androgen-mimicking qualities of icariin. RPM promotes increased dopamine levels and decreased prolactin levels, both of which are triggers for increased testosterone. Icariin can also enhance muscle contraction by decreasing the effects of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Acetylcholine (Ach) is a neurotransmitter necessary for muscle contraction, and AChE is responsible for disabling ACh at the neuromuscular junction. Icariin blocks this disabling action, allowing for ACh to stay at the synapse and better exert its effects for a longer period of time- thus allowing for harder and stronger muscle contractions.
HPTA and Testosterone
Icariin is a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanitric oxidesine monitric oxidephosphate (cGMP)- specific phosphodiasterase type 5 (PDE5 for the purpose of this article). This is a notable characteristic, because PDE5 hydrolyzes cGMP into an inactive molecule. cGMP is important because nitric oxide requires cGMP to moderate vascular control and vasodilation. So essentially, no cGMP; no vasodilation (the “PUMP”), because nitric oxide requires cGMP to work. Conversely, the more cGMP; the more nitric oxide-induced vasodilation - therefore the greater the pumps. Icariin stops PDE5 from disabling cGMP and allows cGMP to extend its activity which increases the effects of nitric oxide in skeletal muscle and allows for a stronger muscle contraction and pump. This is the same way a popular pharmaceutical product – Viagra® – works; which is essentially the most well-known PDE5 inhibitor on the market.
In scientific studies, pure icariin has been found to have roughly one-tenth the PDE5 inhibitory activity and nitric oxide productivity of Viagra®, and the dosage provided in RPM is tailored appropriately to provide similar effects. In short, the PDE5 inhibition displayed by icariin puts RPM in a class above all other nitric oxide enhancers- as “pharmaceutical-strength” results are commonly experienced.
Oligometric Proanthocyanidin
Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) are essential components of RPM. OPCs have been shown in numerous studies to have the ability to block the conversion of androgens to estrogens (a process known as aromatizing). OPCs are a refined derivative of grape seed extract and exhibit qualities comparable to several widely marketed pharmaceutical aromatase inhibitors (i.e. Arimidex®). Compounds exhibiting aromatase inhibiting characteristics have been shown to reduce SHBG (steroid hormone binding globulin) as well. This is important because this allows for a dramatic increase in free testosterone, which promotes longer, harder more intense workouts, rapid strength increases, greater protein synthesis, quicker recovery, and increased lipolysis (fat burning). This, coupled with the androgen-mimicking qualities of icariin, gives the product a unique “hardness” enhancing quality unlike anything else available.
OPCs also protect against free radicals and subsequent DNA and oxidative damage, qualities that are extremely important to the hard-training athlete. Oxidative damage is a common occurrence during stress and hard training, and it can have a halting effect on the subject’s gains in lean body mass. Less oxidative damage leads to faster recovery which gives you the ability to train longer and harder.
The nitric oxide-enhancing, vasodilatory properties of OPCs have been documented in countless studies. The flavonitric oxideids contained in OPCs have been shown to increase levels of nitric oxide synthase, the enzyme that allows for the conversion of arginine to nitric oxide. This is a critical element, because nitric oxide synthase competes with arginase for the utilization of the aminitric oxide acid L-arginine. Arginase converts L-arginine into ornthine, and increased arginase and ornthine activity is counteractive to the nitric oxide production pathway. Therefore, by increasing nitric oxide synthase, the flavonitric oxideids in OPCs “crowd out” arginase, allowing for more arginine to be processed into nitric oxide. The result is higher nitric oxide levels and even greater vasodilation, all of which additionally contribute to the unprecedented pumps and muscle hardness that subjects using RPM experience.
Naringin, and its novel component Naringenin, also contribute profound effects within the P-SARM Synthase AI complex. Naringin (and Naringenin) exhibit remarkable anti-aromatase and estrogen-inhibiting properties by decreasing the cytochrome P450arom isoform, which is an enzyme that also allows for the oxidative metabolism for chemical modification and degradation of oral medications. This can have very positive effects on the testosterone / estrogen ratio, and the combination of OPCs and naringenin act synergistically in reducing estrogen; allowing for more circulating free testosterone and all of its associated benefits. Naringin and naringenin have also been shown to enhance the metabolism of caffeine and PDE5 inhibitors such as icariin, allowing for these compounds to be much more effective on a per dose basis - by up to 35%!!!
Action of Anti-Aromatases
L-Arginine is the last component of the P-SARM Synthase AI matrix. L-Arginine is an amino acid that is necessary for cell division, injury healing, ammonia displacement, hormone release, and immune function. Most importantly, L-arginine is necessary for the production of nitric oxide. As mentioned earlier, nitric oxide is derived from arginine and oxygen through a process called nitric oxide synthase, and exerts its effects on tissue through cGMP. The inclusion of Arginine in the P-SARM Synthase AI complex allows for a steady, continuous supply of L-arginine for conversion to nitric oxide, allowing for a more effective product. Numerous research studies document the positive effects of L-Arginine and nitric oxide on increasing lean body mass, and possibly even mediating greater growth hormone response.
Methyl-Xanthine Anhydrous Caffeine (MXAC) is the first component of the Methyl-AMP Complex and is a metabolic stimulant that heightens mental alertness and focus and improves muscle contraction and coordination. MXAC also exerts very strong effects on vasodilation in a process that begins with the activation of norepinephrine and the deactivation of cAMP-PDE (the enzyme that breaks down cAMP). When MXAC acts on a cell, cAMP-PDE can no longer turn cAMP into AMP, so the action of cAMP is prolonged within the cell. When cAMP levels are increased, the blood vessels in skeletal muscle tend to relax and dilate. The result is more voluminous blood flow into the muscle, resulting in bulging vascularity and massive pumps. MXAC also contains significant amounts of theobromine; another vasodilator that ups the amount of nutrients and oxygen into the brain and skeletal muscle. This greater blood flow to the brain contributes to the cognitive enhancement capabilities of MXAC. By blocking adenitric oxidesine uptake without activating adenitric oxidesine receptors, MXAC triggers increased dopamine and serotonin levels which exerts a positive influence on mood and helps the subject maintain an improved state of mind and focus.
Caffeine and Action on Adensoine
Another added benefit of MXAC is the ability to stimulate the central nervous system, which helps users of RPM feel more alert - allowing for enhanced focus and clarity. It also stimulates the neural system to fire muscles into action more effectively via norepinephrine stimulation and by producing changes in calcium activity; stimulating ion transport of potassium into non-contracting tissues. This is important because ion transport helps reduce the increase in blood potassium concentrations during exercise, helping maintain the excitability of the muscle fiber, allowing for a stronger, longer muscle contraction.
Action Potential
Muscle Contraction
Chocamine®, the other component of the Methyl-AMP Complex, is a specially standardized cocoa extract comprised of several different important constituents that enhance mood, cognitive awareness, and muscle contraction. PEA, tyramine, and L-tyrosine are the most prevalent constituents of chocamine, and have the biggest impact on the positive effects of the compound. The amino acid tyrosine has profound psycho-stimulant effects that improves cognitive function, as tyrosine is a precursor to the neurotransmitter dopamine. Tyrosine supplementation has been shown to increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels, which can be helpful for increasing athletic ability and cognitive function. Tyrosine also has the ability to ward off exercise-related fatigue by creating a favorable dopamine / serotonin ratio, which can positively alter the subject’s state of mind and reduce mental fatigue. This simple shift in the amino acid ratio can create a large difference in perception and concentration, and higher dopamine levels are closely correlated with increased focus and mood enhancement/anti-depressant activities. Tyrosine has also been shown to reduce or prevent stress-related cognitive impairment, and has been attributed with mild suppression of glucocorticoid secretion.
L-Tyrosine
Theobromine
Phenylethylalanine (PEA) and tyramine are two more important constituents of Chocamine. PEA is a biogenic amine derived from the aminitric oxide acid phenylalanine, and it has some effects very similar to amphetamine. It has strong mood-enhancing qualities, along with the ability to increase focus and offset lack of sleep. Tyramine is another biogenic amine found in Chocamine, and is responsible for the increased release of NE in the neurons, creating an excitatory effect on the CNS. It has also been shown to increase dopamine levels and increase the generation of cAMP, and also to aid in lipolysis.
Summary RPM is the first and only product that provides such a unique combination of performance and mood-enhancing effects. The benefits on RPM reach beyond high-performance workouts in the gym, but also promotes personal effectiveness and productivity in all aspects both mental and physical. Try some today!
References
Tian L, Xin ZC, Yuan YM, Fu J, Liu WJ, Wang LL. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2004 Jun 2;84(11):954-7. Effects of icariin on the erectile function and expression of nitrogen oxide synthase isoforms in corpus cavernitric oxidesum of arterigenic erectile dysfunction rat model
Xin ZC, Kim EK, Lin CS, Liu WJ, Tian L, Yuan YM, Fu J. Asian J Androl. 2003 Mar;5(1):15-8. Effects of icariin on cGMP-specific PDE5 and cAMP-specific PDE4 activities.
Tian L, Xin ZC, Yuan YM, Fu J, Liu WJ, Wang LL. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2004 Jan 17;84(2):142-5. [Article in Chinese] Effects of icariin on intracavernitric oxidesal pressure and systematic arterial blood pressure of rat.
Hull EM, Muschamp JW, Sato S. Dopamine and serotonin: influences on male sexual behavior. Physiol Behav. 2004 Nitric oxidev 15;83(2):291-307
Pavone C, Curto F, Anello G, Serretta V, Almasio PL, Pavone-Macaluso M. J Urol. 2004 Dec;172(6 Pt 1):2347-9. Prospective, crossover comparison of sublingual apomorphine (3mg) with oral sildenafil (50mg) for male erectile dysfunction.
Kruger TH, Haake P, Hartmann U, Schedlowski M, Exton MS. Orgasm-induced prolactin secretion: feedback control of sexual drive? Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2002 Jan;26(1):31-44.
Chen J, Wollman Y, Chernichovsky T, Iaina A, Sofer M, Matzkin H. BJU Int. 1999 Feb;83(3):269-73. Effect of oral administration of high-dose nitric oxide donitric oxider L-arginine in men with organic erectile dysfunction: results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.
Klotz T, Mathers MJ, Braun M, Bloch W, Engelmann U. Effectiveness of oral L-arginine in first-line treatment of erectile dysfunction in a controlled crossover study. Urol Int. 1999;63(4):220-3. PMID: 10743698
Stanislavov R, Nikolova V. Treatment of erectile dysfunction with pycnitric oxidegenitric oxidel and L-arginine. J Sex Marital Ther. 2003 May-Jun;29(3):207-13. PMID: 12851125
Kim NN, Christianson DW, Traish AM. Role of arginase in the male and female sexual arousal response. J Nutr. 2004 Oct;134(10 Suppl):2873S-2879S; discussion 2895S. Review. PMID: 15465804
Ying, Pan, Wei-Yun Zhang, Xing Xia, and Ling-Dong Kong, “Effects of Icariin on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Action and Cytokine Levels in Stressed Sprague-Dawley Rats” Biol. Pharm. Bull., Vol. 29, 2399-2403.
Aghdasi B, Reid MB, and Hamilton SL. (1997) Nitric oxide protects the skeletal muscle Ca2+ release channel from oxidation induced activation. J Biol Chem 272:25462-25467
Balon TW, Nadler JL. (1997)Evidence that nitric oxide increases glucose transport in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol. 1997 Jan;82(1):359-63.
Etgen GJ Jr, Fryburg DA, Gibbs EM. (1997) Nitric oxide stimulates skeletal muscle glucose transport through a calcium/contraction- and phosphatidylinitric oxidesitol-3-kinase-independent pathway. Diabetes Nitric oxidev;46(11):1915-9.
McAllister RM, Hirai T, Musch TI. (1995) Contribution of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (EDNO) to the skeletal muscle blood flow response to exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. Aug;27(8):1145-51
Wilson, JR and Kapoor S. (1993) Contribution of endothelium-derived relaxing factor to exercise-induced vasodilation in humans. J. Appl. Physiol. 75:2740-2744.
Young ME, Leighton B.(1998) Evidence for altered sensitivity of the nitric oxide/cGMP signaling cascade in insulin-resistant skeletal muscle. Biochem J. Jan 1;329 ( Pt 1):73-9
Liu, HJ et al. [The effect of icariin and astragalosid I on the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells] Zhong Yao Cai. 2006 Oct;29(10):1062-5. Chinese. PMID: 17326409 [PubMed - in process]
Ning, H et al. Effects of icariin on phosphodiesterase-5 activity in vitro and cyclic guanosine monophosphate level in cavernous smooth muscle cells. Urology. 2006 Dec;68(6):1350-4.
PMID: 17169663 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Jiang, Z. et al Effects of icariin on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis action and cytokine levels in stressed Sprague-Dawley rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 2006 Dec;29(12):2399-403. PMID: 17142971 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Zhang, Z. et al The testosterone mimetic properties of icariin. Asian J Androl. 2006 Sep;8(5):601-5. Epub 2006 Jun 5. PMID: 16751992 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Liu, W. Effects of icariin on erectile function and expression of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in castrated rats. Asian J Androl. 2005 Dec;7(4):381-8. PMID: 16281085 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Xin, ZC Effects of icariin on cGMP-specific PDE5 and cAMP-specific PDE4 activities. Asian J Androl. 2003 Mar;5(1):15-8. PMID: 12646997 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Stanislavov, R. and Nikolova. 2003. Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction with Pycnogenol and L-arginine. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 29(3): 207 – 213.
Alba-Roth J, Müller O, Schopohl J, von Werder K (1988). "Arginine stimulates growth hormone secretion by suppressing endogenous somatostatin secretion". J Clin Endocrinitric oxidel Metab 67 (6): 1186-9.
Barbul A. Arginine: biochemistry, physiology, and therapeutic implications. JPEN. 1986; 10:227-238.
Adams MR, McCredie R, Jessup W, et al. Oral L-arginine improves endothelium-dependent dilatation and reduces monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells in young men with coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis. 1997; 129:261-269.
Andres A, Morales JM, Praga M, et al. L-arginine reverses the antinatriuretic effect of cyclosporin in renal transplant patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1997; 12:1437-1440.
Bode-Boger SM, Boger RH, Galland A, et al. L-arginine-induced vasodilation in healthy humans: pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1998; 46:489-497.
Isidori A, Lo Monaco A, Cappa M. A study of growth hormone release in man after oral administration of amino acids. Current Med Res Opinion. 1981; 7:475-481.
Wascher TC, Posch K, Wallner S, et al. Vascular effects of L-arginine: anything beyond a substrate for the nitric oxide-synthase? Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997; 234:35-38.
Kijuma, I. et al Grape seed extract is an aromatase inhibitor and a suppressor of aromatase expression. Cancer Res. 2006 Jun 1;66(11):5960-7.
Sanitric oxide, T. et al Anti-thrombotic effect of proanthocyanidin, a purified ingredient of grape seed. Thromb Res. 2005;115(1-2):115-21.
Eng, ET et al Suppression of estrogen biosynthesis by procyanidin dimers in red wine and grape seeds. Cancer Res. 2003 Dec 1;63(23):8516-22.
Fitzpatrick, DF et al Vasodilating procyanidins derived from grape seeds. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 May;957:78-89.
Yu, H et al [Study of anti-atherosclerosic effect of grape seed extract and its mechanism] Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2002 Aug;31(4):263-5. Chinese.
Dell’Agli, H et al n vitro inhibition of human cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase-5 by polyphenols from red grapes.J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Mar 23;53(6):1960-5.
Sen, SK et al. Oxygen, oxidants, and antioxidants in wound healing: an emerging paradigm. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 May;957:239-49. Review.
LeBail, JC et al Chalcones are potent inhibitors of aromatase and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities.Life Sci. 2001 Jan 5;68(7):751-61.
LeBail, JC et al Effects of phytoestrogens on aromatase, 3beta and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities and human breast cancer cells. Life Sci. 2000 Feb 25;66(14):1281-91.
LeBail, JC et al Aromatase and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibition by flavonitric oxideids. .Cancer Lett. 1998 Nitric oxidev 13;133(1):101-6.
LeLain, L et al Inhibitors of human and rat testes microsomal 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17beta-HSD) as potential agents for prostatic cancer.
Arayne, LS. Et al Grape fruit juice-drug interactions.Pak J Pharm Sci. 2005 Oct;18(4):45-57. Review.
Ho, PC et al. Inhibition of human CYP3A4 activity by grapefruit flavonoids, furanocoumarins and related compounds.
Fuhr, U Inhibitory effect of grapefruit juice and its bitter principal, naringenin, on CYP1A2 dependent metabolism of caffeine in man.
Jetter, A. et al Effects of grapefruit juice on the pharmacokinetics of sildenafil. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2002 Jan;71(1):21-9.
Nehlig, A; Daval JL, Debry G (1992 May-Aug). "Caffeine and the central nervous system: Mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic, and psychostimulant effects". Brain Res Brain Res Rev 17 (2):
Bolton, Ph.D., Sanford; Gary Null, M.S. (1981). Caffeine: Psychology, Use, and Abuse. Orthomolecular Psychiatry 10 (3): 202-211.
Newton, R; Broughton LJ, Lind MJ, Morrison PJ, Rogers HJ, Bradbrook ID (1981). "Plasma and salivary pharmacokinetics of caffeine in man". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 21 (1): 45-52.
Ortweiler, W; Simon HU, Splinter FK, Peiker G, Siegert C, Traeger A. (1985). "Determination of caffeine and metamizole elimination in pregnancy and after delivery as an in vivo method for characterization of various cytochrome p-450 dependent biotransformation reactions". Biomed Biochim Acta. 44 (7-8): 1189-99
Graham T, Rush J, van Soeren M (1994). "Caffeine and exercise: metabolism and performance.". Can J Appl Physiol 19 (2): 111-38.
Fredholm B, Bättig K, Holmén J, Nehlig A, Zvartau E (1999). "Actions of caffeine in the brain with special reference to factors that contribute to its widespread use.". Pharmacol Rev 51 (1): 83-133
Verkhratsky A. (2005). "Physiology and Pathophysiology of the Calcium Store in the Endoplasmic Reticulum of Neurons". Physiol. Rev. 85 (1): 201-279. Dews, P.B. (1984). Caffeine: Perspectives from Recent Research. Berlin: Springer-Valerag.
Ivy, JL; Costill DL, Fink WJ, Lower RW (1979 Spring). "Influence of caffeine and carbohydrate feedings on endurance performance". Med Sci Sports 11 (1): 6-11.
Graham, TE; Spriet, LL (1991 Dec). "Performance and metabolic responses to a high caffeine dose during prolonged exercise". J Appl Physiol 71 (6): 2292-8.
Trice, I; Haymes, EM (Mar 1995). "Effects of caffeine ingestion on exercise-induced changes during high-intensity, intermittent exercise". Int J Sport Nutr 5 (1): 37-44
Lieberman, HR, Corkin S, Spring BJ, Wurtman RJ, and Growden JH. The effects of dietary neurotransmitter precursors on human behavior. Am J Clin Nutr 42: 366-370, 1985.
Banderet, LE, and Lieberman HR. Treatment with tyrosine, a neurotransmitter precursor, reduces environmental stress in humans. Brain Res Bull 22: 759-762, 1989.
Gelenberg AJ, Gibson CJ, Wojcik JD. Neurotransmitter precursors for the treatment of depression. Psychopharmacol Bull 1982;18:7-18.
Wurtman, RJ, and Lewis MC. Exercise, plasma composition and neurotransmission. In: Advances in Nutrition and Top Sport, edited by Brouns F.. Basel: Karger, 1991, vol. 32, p. 94-109.
Romanitric oxidewski, W, and Grabiec S. The role of serotonin in the mechanism of central fatigue. Acta Physiol Pol 25: 127-134, 1974.
David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox (2005). Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry. W.H. Freeman and Company, 435–439.
Sir Ghillean Prance, Mark Nesbitt (2004). The Cultural History of Plants. New York: Routledge.
William Gervase Clarence-Smith (2000). Cocoa and Chocolate, 1765-1914. London: Routledge, 10, 31.
Usmani O; Belvisi M, Patel H, Crispinitric oxide N, Birrell M, Korbonits M, Korbonits D, Barnes P (2005). "Theobromine inhibits sensory nerve activation and cough.". FASEB J 19 (2): 231-3.
Serafini, M., Bugianesi, R., Maiani, G., Valtuena, S., De Santis, S. & Crozier, A. 2003. Plasma antioxidants from chocolate. Nature 424, 1013.
Kondo K, Hiranitric oxide R, Matsumoto A, Igarashi O, Itakura H., Inhibition of LDL oxidation by cocoa, Lancet, November 1996; 348(2):1514.
MATISSEK R., Evaluation of xanthine derivatives in chocolate: nutritional and chemical aspects.
Smit HJ, Gaffan EA, Rogers PJ. (2004) Methylxanthines are the psycho-pharmacologically active constituents of chocolate. Psychopharmacology Nitric oxidev;176(3-4):412-9.
Bitter Chocolate: Investigating the Dark Side of the World's Most Seductive Sweet, by Carol Off, Random House, 2006.
Chocolate, by the editors of Fine Cooking magazine, 2006.
The True History of Chocolate, by Sophie D. Coe & Michael D. Coe, Thames & Hudson, 1996.
Naked Chocolate, by David Wolfe and Shazzie, Rawcreation, 2005.
The Great Book of Chocolate, by David Lebovitz, Ten Speed Press, 2004.
The Chocolate Connitric oxideisseur, by Chloe Doutre-Roussel, Piatkus, 2005.
Green & Black's Chocolate Recipes, by Kyle Cathie Limited, 2003.
Here's what they're saying about RPMDon,
I recieved my RPM thank you and I also picked up some Osteo Sport and all I can say is I wish I knew about thus stuff along time ago, Ive been on it for only two days and already my shoulder feels releived, this stuff blows regular cissus away. This product is extremely potent and It should be a staple. Ryan Parsons Palo Alto, CA
"This product (RPM) is the best thing ever! It lets you go beyond your normal limits. A few months ago I was normally doing about 30-45min. of cardio and then one day I wanted to see how far I could go. So I took 3 capsules and did HIIT for 30min. (My usual is 15-20) so I just started jogging after that. Hour after hour went by and after it was all done I went a total of 20 miles! It seems a little extreme for me to say that but don't know the product 'til you've tried it." Matt Foreman "Dude" Ohio, USA
“I’m an athlete like you and always looking for something to give me a little edge, so I tried a sample of that RPM and love it! I don’t know what’s in it but I’m stronger, faster and better than I was 3 weeks ago. I need a case, bud.”
“I took my first dose of RPM today and I must say I am very impressed. I have taken many pre workout supplements and I'm confident in saying this is probably the best I've experienced even after only one dose. I felt like I could workout forever and the focus was very evident. The pump I got today was surprising and that may have been the best aspect for me. There were no jitters, just clean energy and focus. Great job on this product!!”
“I’ve been using RPM for well over a year now. It has helped me to achieve some of the best workouts of my life, and has been an amazing supplement.”
“I just tried your RPM today for the first time. If this is any indication of how your products are I will be a buyer for life. The feeling I got was amazing. Thanks for the great products!!!”
I didn't want to leave the gym and my body immediately looked more cut. I've literally never felt immediate results from a product like that. (RPM)
“Very rarely does a product live up to half of it's hype, and even more rare is the one that does what it says it will do. This (RPM) is an amazing product.”
“… RPM is the best pre-workout supplement I've taken, period.”
“This is the first time I have ever written about a product in my life. I walked by your table at the expo last weekend and you sold me two bottles of RPM. A lady you were with told me it would change my life. I thought to myself "yeah right" but I was so wrong. I started taking RPM on Monday and my strength has already gone up. I have taken a lot of different supplements and nothing ever worked or impressed me. I am so glad I stopped by your table. If I had known what your product would do for me I would have bought every bottle you had. With RPM it feels like I am not working hard enough in the gym. It is crazy how much energy I have and my muscles are not as tired. I am going to write a testimonial but I am going to wait until I finish both bottles. I am definitely going to continue to purchase RPM. You have an amazing product on your hands! I cannot stress enough how happy I am with RPM. You have a client for life. Thank You!”
Hello my name is Josh Stith im a full-time fire fighter and a undefeated professional MMA fighter out of Indiana. I have been using your products "Drive" and "RPM" for almost a year now and started using the"NeoVar" about four months ago also. I feel your products are a step above the rest and help me in both of my careers. Thank you very much for the great products.
Johnny Stewart, IFBB Pro Charlotte, NC
Thomas Mosnes College Station, TX
Scott Conroy Ft. Walton Beach, FL
Tyler Birchfield Charlotte, NC |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||










